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Что (кто) такое photodiode - определение
 8.6.16.svg?width=200 "Electronic symbol for a phototransistor")
![A two-dimensional photodiode array of only 4 × 4 pixels occupies the left side of the first [[optical mouse]] sensor chip, c. 1982.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Optical mouse chip detail.png?width=200 "A two-dimensional photodiode array of only 4 × 4 pixels occupies the left side of the first [[optical mouse]] sensor chip, c. 1982.")
![load lines]] represent the response of the external circuit: I=(Applied bias voltage-Diode voltage)/Total resistance. The points of intersection with the curves represent the actual current and voltage for a given bias, resistance and illumination.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Photodiode operation.png?width=200 "load lines]] represent the response of the external circuit: I=(Applied bias voltage-Diode voltage)/Total resistance. The points of intersection with the curves represent the actual current and voltage for a given bias, resistance and illumination.")
![LED light bulb]] with its internal LED elements and driver circuitry exposed.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LED-E27-Light-Bulb-1134.jpg?width=200 "LED light bulb]] with its internal LED elements and driver circuitry exposed.")
Википедия
A photodiode is a light-sensitive semiconductor diode. It produces current when it absorbs photons.
The package of a photodiode allows light (or infrared or ultraviolet radiation, or X-rays) to reach the sensitive part of the device. The package may include lenses or optical filters. Devices designed for use specially as a photodiode use a PIN junction rather than a p–n junction, to increase the speed of response. Photodiodes usually have a slower response time as their surface area increases. A photodiode is designed to operate in reverse bias. A solar cell used to generate electric solar power is a large area photodiode.
Photodiodes are used in scientific and industrial instruments to measure light intensity, either for its own sake or as a measure of some other property (density of smoke, for example). A photodiode can be used as the receiver of data encoded on an infrared beam, as in household remote controls. Photodiodes can be used to form an optocoupler, allowing transmission of signals between circuits without a direct metallic connection between them, allowing isolation from high voltage differences.
